“What Am I — Qualia, Brahman, Neurons, or just Nothing?”
“What if consciousness is not produced by matter, but is the ground of all reality?”
Chat with SagePanpsychism and Idealism are the two primary alternatives to materialist theories of mind. Panpsychism proposes that consciousness is a fundamental feature of all matter, while Idealism asserts that consciousness is the sole ontological primitive. This node explores how these frameworks resolve the Hard Problem by reversing the materialist assumption.
Philip Goff argues that Galileo created the Hard Problem by excluding qualitative properties (experience) from physics to build a quantitative science. Panpsychism resolves this by making consciousness the intrinsic nature of matter.
Bernardo Kastrup proposes that reality is fundamentally mental. The physical world is the extrinsic appearance of universal mental processes. Individual minds are dissociated alters of a single, universal consciousness.
Compares the view that small physical particles possess basic consciousness (micropsychism) with the view that the entire universe is a single conscious system (cosmopsychism). Cosmopsychism avoids the combination problem of panpsychism.
Recommended research papers, debates, and lectures